Is it really a problem to have a double post, if the two posts are far away in time? For example, I don't think the following would be a problem:
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post 1: I really think X!
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post 2, a day later: I just read an interesting article, and it convinced me that it's actually Y, because...
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What we want to avoid is
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post1: I really think X!
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post2, right after: Oh I forgot, I think X because...
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post3, right after: And I should mention...
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And so on. The latter is effectively prevented by the current limits, the former isn't, but it's not much of a problem anyway.
Also, experience shows that unfortunately long edit times result in people changing their posts after a long time, changing the meaning to make others look silly, or whatever.
So, your proposal is not better than the current system, and probably worse. I'd say keep things the way they are.